The graffiti in Snuny — an Iraqi city at the base of Mount Sinjar that Kurdish peshmerga fighters recently regained control of — provides a kind of shorthand for its recent history.
There's black graffiti on some buildings, proclaiming "This is the Islamic State." It's been scribbled out.
Over it, there's green or red graffiti, which proclaims "This is now the property of the Kurdish peshmerga."
Over the summer, the world focused on Mount Sinjar, a remote mountain in northern Iraq where thousands of people were under assault by the group that calls itself the Islamic State, or ISIS.
Ma